VARICES
VARICES
Las varices son dilataciones venosas que se caracterizan por impedir que la sangre retorne de forma eficaz al corazón (insuficiencia venosa).
Se producen por una alteración de las válvulas venosas, que al no cerrarse como es debido, hacen que la sangre se acumule en las venas, haciendo que se dilaten.
Algunas Causas :
- sedestación
- embarazo
- exposición al calor
- menopausia
- hipertensión arterial
- permanecer de pie o sentado durante largos períodos de tiempo
- sedentarismo
- sobrepeso y obesidad
- utilización de ropa y calzado demasiado ajustado
- factores hereditarios
Clasificación de las varices :
- Grado I : mínimas dilataciones del sistema venoso superficial. Son generalmente un problema estético, aunque en determinadas ocasiones pueden producir sensación de pesadez y cansancio. Se conocen por el nombre de araña vascular o telangiectasia.
- Grado II : varices más visibles, dilatadas y tortuosas. Producen síntomas en un alto porcentaje de pacientes. Con el tiempo pueden producir flebitis superficiales dolorosas o pequeñas varicorragias.
- Estadío III: producidas por el fracaso absoluto de los mecanismos de regulación del drenaje venoso, produciendo la extravasación de glóbulos rojos al espacio intersticial. Se producen cambios en la coloración de la piel, que se vuelven parduzca por la hemosiderina. También se producen reacciones inflamatorias de la piel, lo que hace que aumenten más las distrofias cutáneas. Hay sufrimiento del tejido subcutáneo (hipodermitis).
- Estadío IV : son las varices de grado 3 que se acompañan de complicaciones como cambio tróficos en la piel, úlceras, tromboflebitis o varicorragia.
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